What is Plasmablastic myeloma?
Plasmablastic myeloma is a subtype of MM in which ≥2% of the clonal plasma cells are morphologically plasmablasts (6). It is a very rare and aggressive MM subtype, seen in about 5-10% of patients with MM and associated with an overall poor prognosis and survival (6, 7).
What is Plasmablastic?
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an uncommon, highly aggressive type of lymphoma, which classically has been described with the highest incidence in HIV-positive individuals (typically presenting as a mass within the oral cavity; “oral cavity type”).
Why is it called smoldering myeloma?
The only signs of smoldering myeloma are an elevation of plasma cells (in the bone marrow) and a high level of a type of protein called M protein that shows up in lab tests in the urine and blood. The reason the disorder is referred to as “smoldering” is that it often worsens slowly over time.
What is multiple myeloma pathology?
Multiple Myeloma is neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells that commonly results in multiple skeletal lesions, hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, and anemia. Patients typically present at ages > 40 with localized bone pain or a pathologic fracture.
How is Plasmablastic myeloma treated?
1 2 Given the low incidence of plasmablastic myeloma, there is no consensus on management of newly diagnosed patients. Treatment typically includes a combination of modern anti-myeloma agents, such as the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, along with chemotherapy.
What is the survival rate of Plasmablastic lymphoma?
The 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of treated PBL patients were 54% (95% CI: 46.5%-60.8%) and 52.8% (95% CI: 45.2%-59.8%). Three-year conditional survival for 2-year and 3-year survivors were 90.3% and 97.8%, overlapping the survival of a general population matched by age, sex and calendar year.
How is plasmablastic myeloma treated?
How do you get Plasmablastic lymphoma?
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), which frequently arises in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients.
What are the symptoms of smouldering myeloma?
While most individuals with SMM do not have any symptoms at first, they may develop symptoms if the condition progresses to multiple myeloma, including:
- bone pain.
- brittle bones.
- fatigue (lack of energy) and weakness.
- infection.
- problems with balance.
- numbness or tingling in the hands and feet.
- confusion.
- dizziness.
How long can a person live with smoldering myeloma?
Among patients with progression of smoldering multiple myeloma, 97% had progression to active multiple myeloma. Rates of death owing to other diseases, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and non–plasma-cell cancers, were 18% at 5 years, 26% at 10 years, 30% at 15 years, and 35% at 20 years.
What is myeloma diagnosis?
Overview. Multiple myeloma is a cancer that forms in a type of white blood cell called a plasma cell. Healthy plasma cells help you fight infections by making antibodies that recognize and attack germs. In multiple myeloma, cancerous plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow and crowd out healthy blood cells.
What is plasmablastic myeloma (PBM)?
Plasmablastic myeloma (PBM) is a rare morphological variant of plasma cell neoplasm which is also known to be extremely aggressive with poor survival [3]. Both these malignancies have overlapping clinical and pathological features which pose a diagnostic dilemma [4].
What is plasmablastic lymphoma and how is it diagnosed?
Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic myelomas are malignancies with overlapping clinical and pathological features which pose a diagnostic dilemma and are known to be aggressive with a poor outcome. CD38 is a common immunophenotypic maker for both these malignancies and provides a rationale for using daratumumab-based regimes.
What is the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM)?
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common malignant hematological disease displaying considerable heterogeneity. Historical data indicate a prognostic significance of plasmablastic morphology, proliferation, and adverse cytogenetics, but there is little knowledge on the degree of interdependency of these parameters.
Is plasmablastic morphology an independent predictor of survival after autologous stem-cell transplantation?
Rajkumar S. V., Fonseca R., Lacy M. Q., et al. Plasmablastic morphology is an independent predictor of poor survival after autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1999;17(5):p. 1551. doi: 10.1200/jco.1999.17.5.1551.