What should be the TDS of cooling tower?
The TDS concentration of cooling tower water and the pH values depend on its original sources and on the cycle number of circulations inside the building. The TDS values change from 300 to 1,200 ppm.
What are the quality requirements of cooling water?
Cooling water quality
| Suspended solids | None |
|---|---|
| Conductivity | 50-600 uS/cm |
| Hardness | 8o dH max |
| pH | 7.8 |
| CO2 agressive | None |
What is the main parameters which will affect cooling tower effectiveness?
The temperature of the water entering the cooling tower and the air wet bulb temperature are the most important factors affecting the effectiveness of the natural draft cooling tower.
What hardness should cooling tower water be?
As a general rule of thumb, the calcium hardness in the cooling tower should be maintained within the range of 350 to 400 ppm on a non-acid treatment program. If the makeup water contains, say, 100 ppm calcium hardness, the cycles of concentration are restricted to 3.5 to 4.0.
What is the pH of cooling tower water?
If you have doubts about the proper pH levels for your tower water, ask your water treatment company for recommendations. A pH between 6.5 and 7.5 is generally considered the ideal range for reducing scale formation, though some non-acid treatments for scale prevention can increase the cooling tower pH range up to 8.5.
What is the pH of cooling water?
between 8 and 7
An ideal coolant pH between 8 and 7. First of all, pH (hydrogen potential) measures the acidity or basicity of a solution. For example, for coolant, it should be between 8 and 7. In this regard, it is important to check the pH of the coolant regularly.
What is COC in water treatment?
COC or the Cycles Of Concentration is an abbreviation, used when talking about cooling water or cooling tower water. The COC specifies, how often a fresh water added into the loop, can be used or pumped around, before the water has to blown down or bleed off from the cooling tower.
What is cooling tower capacity?
The cooling tower’s capacity is the product of the mass flow rate of water, specific heat, and temperature difference. This can also be expressed as heat rejected in kCal/hr (Btu/h). Evaporation loss. This is the amount of water that is evaporated during the cooling process.
What causes low pH in cooling tower?
Stronger acids have lower pH values. Imbalances in cooling tower pH occur because the water is not pure – it is composed of more than just oxygen and hydrogen. Most process water contains significant concentrations of dissolved minerals, which tend to change the pH of the tower water, often significantly.
What type of water is used in cooling towers?
make-up water Water
Water is widely used as a medium for cooling, due to its good heat transfer capacity.
What is M alkalinity in cooling water?
Alkalinity in the water is caused by the presence of carbonates, bicarbonates and hydroxides. M alkalinity is termed as methyl orange alkalinity or total alkalinity (titration endpoint of 4.4). Below a pH of 4.4, there are no carbonates or bicarbonates or free hydroxyl radicals.