What is Todani classification?
Todani classification of the bile duct cysts. A: Type IA B: Type IB C: Type IC D: Type II E: Type III F: Type IVA G: Type IVB H: Tip V. Type IA Choledochal Cysts: Characterised by cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary tract; the intrahepatic biliary tract is preserved.
What is a Choledochocyst?
A choledochal cyst is a congenital anomaly of the duct (tube) that transports bile from the liver to the gall bladder and small intestine. The liver produces bile to help digest food. When a child has a choledochal cyst, a swelling of that duct, bile may back up in the liver.
What is Type 3 choledochal cyst?
Type III choledochal cysts are the least common biliary cyst subtype. They have a female predominance and are the most likely to present at an older age. The most common clinical presentation is acute pancreatitis. The overall incidence of adenocarcinoma is approximately 2.5%.
What is a Type 2 choledochal cyst?
Type II choledochal cysts (see image below) appear as an isolated true diverticulum protruding from the wall of the common bile duct. The cyst may be joined to the common bile duct by a narrow stalk.
Is biliary atresia congenital?
What is Biliary Atresia? Biliary atresia is a blockage in the tubes (ducts) that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder. This congenital condition occurs when the bile ducts inside or outside the liver do not develop normally. It is not known why the biliary system fails to develop normally.
What is Type 4 choledochal cyst?
Background/purpose: Type IV-A choledochal cysts are characterized by congenital cystic dilatation of the biliary tree extending to involve the intrahepatic biliary channels also. A single-center experience of the management of type IV-A choledochal cysts is presented.
What is the most common type of choledochal cyst?
Type I cysts (see image below) are the most common and represent 80-90% of choledochal cysts. They consist of saccular or fusiform dilatations of the common bile duct, which involve either a segment of the duct or the entire duct. They do not involve the intrahepatic bile ducts.
Is cholangitis serious?
Acute cholangitis is a serious condition because it is an infection that can make a person quite ill and lead to complications. Getting diagnosed promptly and receiving treatment is important, therefore symptoms of abdominal pain, jaundice, and fever are a cause to see a physician right away.
Is cholangitis curable?
There’s no cure for primary biliary cholangitis, but medications are available to help slow the progression of the disease and prevent complications. Options include: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). This medication, also known as ursodiol (Actigall, Urso), is commonly used first.
What is wrong with the Todani classification scheme?
The Todani classification scheme has been called into question in the surgical literature, with claims that it may inaccurately link multiple distinct processes into a spuriously coherent grading scheme 2,3 . Specifically, it is questioned whether types II, III, and V are pathophysiologically related to I and IV.
What is Todani classification of bile duct cysts?
The Todani classification of bile duct cysts divides choledochal cysts into five groups. Theorized to form as the result of reflux of pancreatic secretions into the bile duct via an anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction. Some believe them to arise from ductal plate anomalies. Also known as a bile duct diverticulum.
What is the Todani classification of Caroli disease?
The Todani classification (1977) arose out of the earlier Alonso-Lej classification (1959). The Todani classification added type V (Caroli disease) to the earlier classification.
What is an atypical Todani type I choledochal cyst?
There was cystic dilatation of the common hepatic and the common bile duct, which was classified as atypical Todani type I choledochal cyst. The proximal part of the cystic duct was also visualized dilated, giving a bicornal configuration to the cyst (Figure (Figure11--4).4). MRCP demonstrated a normal pancreatobiliary junction in all patients.