Where is the marginal mandibular nerve located?
[2,3] The marginal mandibular nerve runs forward below the angle of the mandible under the platysma, at first superficial to the upper part of the digastric triangle and then turning up and forward across the body of the mandible to supply muscles of the lower lip.
What layer is marginal mandibular nerve?
The marginal mandibular nerve is a branch of facial nerve that emerges from the anterior border of the lower part of the parotid gland into the neck where it lies deep to the platysma and the investing layer of deep fascia.
What does the marginal mandibular nerve innervate?
The marginal mandibular branch innervates the following muscles: depressor labii inferioris muscle – lowers bottom lip down and laterally. Origin: Anterior part of oblique line of mandible. Insertion: Lower lip at midline, blends with muscle from opposite side.
How deep is the marginal mandibular nerve?
The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve travels deep to the platysma and superficial to the facial vein. It may be located up to 2 cm below the inferior border of the mandible posterior to the anterior border of the masseter. Anterior to this point, the nerve is found superior to the inferior border.
How many branches of marginal mandibular nerve are there?
The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve (MMB) emerging as three main separate branches (a, b, and c) from the lower part of the anterior border of the parotid gland (PG).
Is the mandibular nerve sensory or motor?
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, also referred to as the mandibular nerve, is a mixed sensory and branchial motor nerve. It is also the largest of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve. The sensory root arises from the lateral aspect of the ganglion, with the motor division lying deeper.
What are cranial nerves 9 and 10?
CRANIAL NERVE 9 (GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL) AND CRANIAL NERVE 10 (VAGUS) CNs 9 and 10 work together to supply the musculature of the pharynx (mostly supplied by CN 10) and transmit visceral afferent information from vascular baroreceptors, and each nerve also has additional individual functions listed below.
Where does cranial 9 exit?
The glossopharyngeal nerve (/ˌɡlɒsoʊfəˈrɪn(d)ʒiəl, -ˌfærənˈdʒiːəl/), also known as the ninth cranial nerve, cranial nerve IX, or simply CN IX, is a cranial nerve that exits the brainstem from the sides of the upper medulla, just anterior (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.
Where does the mandibular nerve come from?
The mandibular nerve originates from the trigeminal ganglion of Gasser and exits the skull through the foramen ovale. Once it reaches the viscerocranium, it divides into two divisions: anterior and posterior. Both divisions further divide into smaller branches that innervate the structures of the face.
What does the mandibular nerve affect?
StatPearls research posted on the National Center for Biotechnology Information site explains that the mandibular nerve is responsible for the feeling in your lower face. This includes the feeling in your teeth, most of your tongue, your chewing muscles, and a few other facial muscles.
What happens if the marginal mandibular nerve is paralyzed?
Paralysis of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve: treatment options Isolated paralysis of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve results in an asymmetrical smile with elevation of the lower lip on the affected side.
How common is the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve?
The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve was a single branch in 32% of the cases, and in 68% of the cases this nerve consisted of two or more branches.[5] In a second study, it was one branch in 28% of the cases, two branches in 52% of the cases, three in 18% and four in 2% of the cases.[6]
How many cadavers have anastomosis of the marginal mandibular nerve?
Of the 50 cadavers studied for marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, it has anastomosis with the buccal branch of the facial nerve of the same side and the mental nerve. Table 3 Anastomoses of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve with other nerves No. of specimens Percentage
How is cervical branch injury distinguished from marginal mandibular nerve injury?
Cervical branch injury can be distinguished from marginal mandibular nerve injury by the fact that the patient will be able to evert the lower lip because of a functioning mentalis muscle. Publication types Case Reports MeSH terms Adult