What is the Wason card problem?
The rule was “If the card shows an even number on one face, then its opposite face is red.” Only a card with both an even number on one face and something other than red on the other face can invalidate this rule: If the 3 card is red (or brown), that doesn’t violate the rule.
What is the point of the Wason Selection Task?
One of the longest-running debates in modern psychology centers on the correct interpretation of the Wason Selection Task. Peter Wason originally designed the test to see if people applied logic that would disprove a hypothesis by falsifying it as well as by confirming it.
What are subjects asked in a typical Wason Selection Task?
The Wason selection test therefore evaluates subjects’ ability to find facts that violate a hypothesis, specifically a conditional hypothesis of the form If P then Q. In Wason’s test, four “facts” are presented in the form of cards.
What is the four card task?
The Famous Four Card Task. Suppose each card has a number on one side and a letter on the other. Which of these cards are worth turning over if you want to know whether the statement below is false? “If a card has a vowel on one side, then it has an even number on the other side.”
When the abstract version of the Wason four card problem is compared?
When the “abstract” version of the Wason four-card problem is compared to a “concrete” version of the problem (in which beer, soda, and ages are substituted for the letters and numbers), performance is better for the concrete task.
What is the idea of Wasons card and how it works?
Wason’s selection task is a problem designed to explore the ways people reason with conditional statements, those that can be expressed using “if.” It is one of a suite of reasoning problems invented by the British psychologist Peter Wason (1924–2003) and arose from his interest in, and curiosity about, firstly, the …
Why do participants typically perform better with thematic rules as opposed to abstract rules?
Abstract rules are usually evaluated using logic while thematic rules are evaluated using logic and experience. People typically perform better with thematic rules than abstract rules because they have an additional source of information (experience) to help them.
When we assess probability by judging the ease with which relevant examples come to mind we are using the heuristic of?
The availability heuristic refers to the tendency to assess the probability of an event based on the ease with which instances of that event come to mind.
Which of the following statements is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?
Which statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory? Deep processing takes longer than shallow processing and results in better processing.
What is permission schema?
According to Cheng and Holyoak, this is due to the fact that the permission schema is defined by a set of production rules that give the same answers to problems of conditional inference as those of formal logic. In order to test this hypothesis specifically, 160 university students were given one of two tests.
Why do participants typically perform better with thematic rules as opposed to abstract rules quizlet?
People typically perform better with thematic rules than abstract rules because they have an additional source of information (experience) to help them.
What is the difference between an abstract rule and a thematic rule in this lab?
In the thematic case, then, you are not really using logic per se but rather your experience. In the abstract case, you cannot use your experience and have to rely solely on logic.
What is the Wason selection task?
The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning. An example of the puzzle is: You are shown a set of four cards placed on a table, each of which has a number on one side and a colored patch on the other side.
Why is the Wason task so difficult?
Here is an explanation for each of the cards: The Wason task is difficult in part because it tests abstract logical reasoning. Many people perform better on a similar test based on a real-life scenario. Say that you work in a bar, stopping underage people from drinking.
Does the selection task always produce the correct response?
Evolutionary psychologists Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (1992) identified that the selection task tends to produce the “correct” response when presented in a context of social relations.
What is Wason’s task in psychology?
Introduced as a test of his theory of confirmation bias, Wason’s task has ended up a widely used experimental paradigm for examining human reasoning in the domains of abstract logic, social conduct, and various other semantic contexts.