What is the meaning of life history in biology?
The life history of an organism is its pattern of survival and reproduction, along with the traits that directly affect survival and the timing or amount of reproduction.
What are the two life history patterns?
Long life patterns: (1) Common among organisms that live in stable environments. (2) These organisms typically reproduce and mature slowly, and are long lives. (3) They are large species environments.
What are life history traits in biology?
Life history traits includes such factors as the number, size and sex ratio of offspring, the timing of reproduction, age and size at maturity and growth pattern, longevity, and so on. All of these are heritable to some degree and thus subject to natural selection.
What is life history strategies in ecology?
Life-history strategies are based on the characteristics of organisms that affect their fitness. Two environmental factors important in determining the life-history strategy of organisms, including sea urchins, are stress, conditions that reduce production and disturbance, partial or total destruction of biomass.
What is life history example?
Examples of some major life history characteristics include: Age at first reproductive event. Reproductive lifespan and ageing. Number and size of offspring.
What determines or causes the life history patterns of organisms?
Life history patterns evolve by natural selection, and they represent an “optimization” of tradeoffs between growth, survival, and reproduction. One tradeoff is between number of offspring produced and the amount of energy (both physical resources and parental care) put into each offspring.
What are the benefits of our life history pattern?
It also has a number of benefits including, for example, an extended time for childhood learning and the opportunity for early weaning and cooperative childcare that helps reduce the mother’s energetic burden.
What is life history in anthropology?
In Anthropology the life history, or personal narrative of one’s life, has long been recognized as an important vehicle for learning about how culture is experienced and created by individuals. Life histories have a special significance in our highly technological, fast-paced, complex world.
What is a slow life history pattern?
For example, slow life histories are characterized by low mortality, low fecundity and low development rates (Gaillard et al., 1989; Salguero-Gómez et al., 2016), and populations of slow life history are generally buffered against increased environmental variability (Morris et al., 2008, 2011; Dalgleish et al., 2010; …
What factors affect life history?
Together, the age-, size-, or stage-specific patterns of development, growth, maturation, reproduction, survival, and lifespan define an organism’s life cycle, its life history. Figure 1: Diversity of life histories.
What is the difference between life history and life cycle?
Examples of life history traits include age of first reproduction, lifespan, and number vs size of offspring. The life cycle of species is the full suite of stages and forms an organisms goes through over its lifespan.
What are the characteristics of life history?
Life history traits include maximum body size, longevity, age at maturity, and fecundity. Life history theory espouses that these traits have been shaped by natural selection to optimize trade-offs related to growth, reproduction, and survival.
What is life history analysis in biology?
The life history of an individual is the pattern of allocation of resources to maintenance, growth, and reproduction throughout its lifetime. Life history analysis attempts to explain the scheduling of the allocation process throughout an organism’s life which maximizes fitness.
What is the life history of a species?
The life history of a species is the pattern of survival and reproduction events typical for a member of the species (essentially, its lifecycle). Life history patterns evolve by natural selection, and they represent an “optimization” of tradeoffs between growth, survival, and reproduction.
How do life history patterns evolve by natural selection?
Life history patterns evolve by natural selection, and they represent an “optimization” of tradeoffs between growth, survival, and reproduction. One tradeoff is between number of offspring produced and the amount of energy (both physical resources and parental care) put into each offspring. Timing of first reproduction is another tradeoff.